What is destructuring in JavaScript?

Destructuring in JavaScript refers to a syntax feature that allows you to unpack values from arrays or properties from objects into distinct variables. This simplifies the process of extracting values, making the code more concise and readable.

For example, if you have an array, you can easily extract values like this:

const arr = [1, 2, 3];
const [first, second] = arr;
// first will equal 1, second will equal 2

Similarly, when dealing with objects, destructuring allows you to extract properties directly:

const obj = { x: 1, y: 2 };
const { x, y } = obj;
// x will equal 1, y will equal 2

This feature helps to make code cleaner and reduces the need for repetitive access to array indices or object properties. The correct answer encompasses both arrays and objects, highlighting the flexibility and utility of destructuring in JavaScript programming.